ADHD Treatment When ADHD Medications Are Not Working for Your Child By Vincent Iannelli, MD Vincent Iannelli, MD Facebook Vincent Iannelli, MD, is a board-certified pediatrician and fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Dr. Iannelli has cared for children for more than 20 years. Learn about our editorial process Updated on May 19, 2022 Medically reviewed Verywell Mind articles are reviewed by board-certified physicians and mental healthcare professionals. Medical Reviewers confirm the content is thorough and accurate, reflecting the latest evidence-based research. Content is reviewed before publication and upon substantial updates. Learn more. by Daniel B. Block, MD Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD LinkedIn Twitter Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Print PhotoAlto / Antoine Arraou / Getty Images Medications for treating symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be very effective for children, making it easier for them to pay attention in school, maintain friendships, and navigate life. Sometimes it's hard to find the right medicine and the right dosage with the fewest side effects. With some careful adjusting, however, it's usually possible to find a program that works. ADHD Medications There are different medication choices for ADHD. Most are stimulants, but that is not your only option. Non-stimulants can also be used. Stimulants The most commonly prescribed ADHD medications are stimulants. They may be methylphenidate-based, such as: Ritalin and Ritalin LA (methylphenidate) Focalin and Focalin XR (dexmethylphenidate) Concerta (methylphenidate), an extended-release tablet that can be taken once daily Jornay PM (methylphenidate), which is given at bedtime so the clinical effects begin in the morning Daytrana (methylphenidate), a transdermal patch worn for nine hours and then removed Stimulants may also be amphetamine-based, such as: Adderall and Adderall XR (dextroamphetamine and amphetamine), mixed amphetamine salts Dexedrine and Dexedrine Spansules (dextroamphetamine) Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine), which is taken once daily Mydayis (dextroamphetamine and amphetamine), an extended-release form that can also be taken once daily Dyanavel XR (amphetamine), a once-daily extended-release medication available as an oral suspension or tablet for children age six and up These stimulants are thought to work by increasing levels of a neurotransmitter in the brain called dopamine. Dopamine is associated with motivation and attention, among other things. For many people with ADHD, stimulant medications boost concentration and the ability to focus while at the same time curbing hyperactive and impulsive behaviors. For the most part, ADHD drugs work. According to the ADHD treatment guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), stimulants work to reduce symptoms of ADHD for most adolescents. Non-Stimulant Medications Non-stimulant medications are typically considered when stimulants can't be used. This could be due to medication side effects, for example. They might also be considered if stimulants are not working. A non-stimulant medication called Strattera (atomoxetine) is sometimes a good option for a child who isn't tolerating a stimulant. Some doctors also prescribe Strattera along with a stimulant, making it possible to lower the dose of the stimulant drug enough that it no longer causes side effects. Other medications used to treat ADHD include non-stimulants Catapres (clonidine), Tenex (guanfacine), and Qelbree (viloxazine). These can be effective for impulsivity, hyperactivity, and sleep disturbances. Non-Stimulant ADHD Medication When Medication Doesn't Work When a medication doesn't work or causes intolerable side effects, the options are usually to: Adjust the dose, either up or downSwitch to another medication For example, if Adderall isn't relieving a child's symptoms or is making them cry a lot, then lowering their dosage or having them try one of the other stimulant medications may solve the problem. However, sometimes a child doesn't respond to two or three different stimulant medications and continues to do poorly. It may be that the ADHD diagnosis is wrong and that something else is causing the symptoms the child is experiencing. In this case, the AAP advises pediatricians to evaluate the child's diagnosis. It is also recommended to have the child tested for a coexisting condition such as depression, bipolar disorder, or a learning disability or behavioral problem. Conditions That Can Produce ADHD-Like Symptoms A Word From Verywell If you have a child with ADHD, putting various medications and dosages to the test to find what will work for them can be frustrating. Don't hesitate to ask your pediatrician any questions you might have about effectiveness and timing. Sometimes adjusting when the doses are taken can make a big difference. Let the doctor know about any side effects you believe are associated with your child's treatment. Don't be afraid to push for changes. There are many options available. 3 Sources Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Wolraich ML, Hagan JF, Allan C, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2019;144(4). doi:10.1542/peds.2019-2528 U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Highlights of prescribing information: Dyanavel XR. American Academy of Pediatrics. Common ADHD medications & treatments for children. Additional Reading Briars L, Todd T. A review of pharmacological management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2016;21(3):192-206. doi:10.5863/1551-6776-21.3.192 MedlinePlus. Dextroamphetamine and amphetamine. Revised April 15, 2019. MedlinePlus. Methylphenidate. Revised July 15, 2019. Spencer TJ, Brown A, Seidman LJ, et al. Effect of psychostimulants on brain structure and function in ADHD: a qualitative literature review of magnetic resonance imaging-based neuroimaging studies. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013;74(9):902-17. doi:10.4088/JCP.12r08287 By Vincent Iannelli, MD Vincent Iannelli, MD, is a board-certified pediatrician and fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Dr. Iannelli has cared for children for more than 20 years. See Our Editorial Process Meet Our Review Board Share Feedback Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! What is your feedback? Other Helpful Report an Error Submit Speak to a Therapist for ADHD Advertiser Disclosure × The offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Verywell Mind receives compensation.