Does Marijuana Lead to the Use of Other Drugs?

As more and more states around the U.S. decriminalize marijuana—also known as cannabis—or approve the drug for medical or recreational use, it raises many questions by scientists. Like, how safe is it? Does it lead to harder drug use?

The drug has been in use since ancient times. The earliest recorded use as a drug was 2737 BC in China. The drug made its entry to the New World in 1545 when the Spanish brought it and produced it as a commercial crop to make hemp fibers.

In our modern world, many young people who smoke cannabis never progress to using other drugs, but there are some who do.

The National Institute for Drug Abuse has three theories why some people who use marijuana go on to use other drugs while some do not:

• When people begin using cannabis while their young brains are still developing, which can be into their early 20s, it can change the reward system of their brains. Other drugs may, in turn, become more appealing.
• Those who use cannabis are more likely to be around others who use and sell other drugs, increasing the temptation to try those drugs.
• Young people who are at high risk of becoming substance abusers may use cannabis first because it is easier to get than other drugs. The same is true for cigarettes and alcohol.

This question has circulated around the scientific community for many years. Of the usual gateway drugs, cannabis is mentioned along with the other two major ones, alcohol and tobacco. A three-year study published in 2016 focused on people who began using cannabis before alcohol.

Similarly, a 2015 study analyzed lifetime cannabis users and concluded that nearly 50% of participants went on to take other "illicit drugs."

For some, smoking cannabis is an occasional habit. For others, it can become a daily ritual that drags a person down. There are ways to tell if someone is addicted to cannabis and if it's adversely affecting their lives.