Haphephobia, or the fear of touch, is an uncommon but often devastating phobia. It is in the class of phobias known as specific phobias, which are fears of a specific object or situation. If you have haphephobia, you fear being touched by anyone, although some people are only afraid of being touched by those of the opposite gender.

Haphephobia can be extremely difficult for strangers and people close to you to understand. Sadly, the person offering the touch may feel rejected when you shy away.

Causes

Sexual assault or other trauma can trigger haphephobia, but more often, it seems to develop without any known cause. This is true for many cases of specific phobias. Most people who cannot trace their haphephobia to a specific event developed the fear in early childhood, but the triggering situation could occur at any time of life.

The good news is that it's not necessary to know the cause to successfully treat this anxiety disorder.

Symptoms

An irrational fear of someone touching you is unusual in that it is not particularly linked to other anxiety-related conditions such as social phobia (social anxiety disorder) or a fear of vulnerability or intimacy. Many people with haphephobia can form warm, tight bonds with others, although they may worry that those bonds are at risk due to their inability to show physical affection.

The symptoms of haphephobia vary in severity depending on the level of fear. Some people with this phobia are:

Able to tolerate touch that they initiate or give express permission for the other person to initiate
Able, over a long period of time, to build enough trust to overcome their reactions with one or two specific people
Uncomfortable with any form of touch at all

If you have haphephobia, your reactions to encountering your trigger may be similar to those of people with any other specific phobia.

You might:

Freeze up
Cry
Shake
Sweat
Run away

Symptoms of a phobia frequently include avoidance. In cases of haphephobia, this can manifest as:

Going out of your way to always keep your hands full to avoid handshakes and hugs
Avoiding spending time with people you think have a romantic interest in you
An aversion to any social interactions where you fear that people might expect some form of physical interaction

The need for touch and human contact is innate, and the inability to enjoy that contact can cause additional mental health issues due to the resulting feelings of isolation and loneliness.

Treatment

The rate of successful treatment for specific phobia is around 90 percent and, thankfully, haphephobia generally responds well to a variety of therapeutic interventions.

Also, couples or family therapy can help those you are closest to understand your fear and develop alternative ways of expressing their affection for you. Look for a therapist with whom you can develop trust and therapeutic rapport, and expect the process to take some time. You may never become fully comfortable with being touched, but with hard work, you can learn to manage your fearful reactions.