History and Biographies Pictures of Famous Psychologists By Kendra Cherry Kendra Cherry Facebook Twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is the author of the "Everything Psychology Book (2nd Edition)" and has written thousands of articles on diverse psychology topics. Kendra holds a Master of Science degree in education from Boise State University with a primary research interest in educational psychology and a Bachelor of Science in psychology from Idaho State University with additional coursework in substance use and case management. Learn about our editorial process Updated on April 01, 2021 Fact checked Verywell Mind content is rigorously reviewed by a team of qualified and experienced fact checkers. Fact checkers review articles for factual accuracy, relevance, and timeliness. We rely on the most current and reputable sources, which are cited in the text and listed at the bottom of each article. Content is fact checked after it has been edited and before publication. Learn more. by Emily Swaim Fact checked by Emily Swaim LinkedIn Emily is a board-certified science editor who has worked with top digital publishing brands like Voices for Biodiversity, Study.com, GoodTherapy, Vox, and Verywell. Learn about our editorial process Print These pictures include some of the most famous psychologists as well as other great thinkers who made important contributions to psychology. 1 Alfred Adler Hulton Archive / Stringer / Getty Images Alfred Adler was an Austrian doctor and originally a colleague of the famous Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. Adler was eventually booted out of Freud's inner circle, but he went on to found his own set of theories known as Individual Psychology. He is perhaps best known for his concept of the inferiority complex. 2 Alfred Binet Materialscientist / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain Alfred Binet was a French psychologist who was commissioned by the French government to create an assessment tool to identify children who needed specialized assistance at school. Binet's work led to the creation of the Binet-Simon Intelligence test. This test remains the basis for many modern tests of intelligence. 3 Erik Erikson Corbis via Getty Images / Getty Images Erik Erikson developed an eight-stage theory of human development that looked at how people change and grow over the course of the entire lifespan. Erikson is also famous for his concept of the identity crisis. 4 Sigmund Freud Hans Casparius / Getty Images Sigmund Freud may be one of the best-known figures in history, but he is also one of the most controversial. He was the founder of the school of psychology known as psychoanalysis. He is also known for his concept of the unconscious mind as well as his stage theory of psychosexual development. 5 G. Stanley Hall Tryphon / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain G. Stanley Hall founded the first American psychology lab at John Hopkins University and also became the first president of the American Psychological Association (APA) in 1892. 6 Karen Horney Bettmann / Getty Images Karen Horney was a prominent psychoanalyst best-known for her theories of neurosis, feminine psychology, and self-psychology. While Horney was a neo-Freudian, she also challenged many of Sigmund Freud's theories about female psychology. For example, Horney countered Freud's assertion that women experience "penis envy" by suggesting that men feel "womb envy" because they are unable to bear children. Contributions of Karen Horney to Psychology 7 William James Materialscientist / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain William James is known as one of the founders of American psychology and author of the classic textbook The Principles of Psychology. 8 Carl Jung Imagno / Hulton Archive / Getty Images Carl Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist remembered for his concept of the collective unconscious and four major archetypes. While he was originally a protege of Freud's, he eventually split from his mentor to pursue his own theories, which he referred to as analytical psychology. 9 Abraham Maslow Bettmann Archive / Getty Images Abraham Maslow was an American psychologist who is frequently referred to as the founder of humanistic psychology. He is perhaps best known for his famous hierarchy of needs and his emphasis on the concept of self-actualization. 10 Hugo Munsterberg Vindicator, Rickert / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain Hugo Munsterberg was a pioneer in the field of applied psychology, particularly in the areas of industrial-organizational and forensic psychology. 11 Ivan Pavlov National Library of Medicine / Public Domain Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist, but he became forever entwined with the field of psychology thanks to his discovery of the classical conditioning process. Pavlov's work had a major influence on other thinkers, including John B. Watson, and played an important role in the development of behaviorism. 12 Jean Piaget Keystone / Hulton Archive / Getty Images Jean Piaget was a Swiss psychologist who is best-remembered for his famous stage theory of cognitive development. 13 Carl Rogers Bettmann Archive / Getty Images Carl Rogers was a humanistic psychologist who created an influential approach to psychotherapy known as client-centered therapy. In one ranking of the most eminent psychologists of the 20th century, Rogers was ranked at number six. 14 B. F. Skinner New York Times Co. / Getty Images B. F. Skinner's research on operant conditioning (also known as instrumental conditioning) made him one of the leaders of behaviorism, but his theories and research also made him a target for controversy. 15 Wilhelm Wundt Bettmann Archive / Getty Images Wilhelm Wundt is best-known for establishing the very first psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany. He is often credited with founding the structuralist school of thought, although it was actually his student Edward Titchener who did so. 13 Sources Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Whiteman SD, McHale SM, Soli A. Theoretical perspectives on sibling relationships. J Fam Theory Rev. 2011;(3)2:124-139. doi:10.1111/j.1756-2589.2011.00087.x Michell J. Alfred Binet and the concept of heterogeneous orders. Front Psychol. 2012;(3):261. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00261 Schlein S. The Clinical Erik Erikson: A Psychoanalytic Method of Engagement and Activation. Oxfordshire, UK: Routledge; 2016. De Sousa A. Freudian theory and consciousness: a conceptual analysis. Mens Sana Monogr. 2011;(9)1:210-7. doi:10.4103/0973-1229.77437 American Psychological Association. Former APA presidents. Aldridge J, Kilgo JL, Jepkemboi G. Four hidden matriarchs of psychoanalysis: the relationship of Lou von Salome, Karen Horney, Sabina Spielrein and Anna Freud to Sigmund Freud. Int J Psychol Couns. 2014;6(4):32-39. doi:10.5897/IJPC2014.0250 Goodman R. William James. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Storr A. The Essential Jung: Selected and Introduced by Anthony Storr. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 2013. Rowan J. Directions for humanistic psychology. Self Soc. 2013;40(3):40-41. doi:10.1080/03060497.2013.11084282 Harvard University Department of Psychology. Hugo Munsterberg. 2021. Marwaha S, Goswami M, Vashist B. Prevalence of principles of Piaget's theory among 4-7-year-old children and their correlation with IQ. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;(11)8:ZC111-ZC115. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2017/28435.10513 Haggbloom SJ, Warnick R, Warnick JE, et al. The 100 most eminent psychologists of the 20th century. Rev Gen Psychol. 2002;(6)2:139-152. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.6.2.139 Zilio D. On the autonomy of psychology from neuroscience: a case study of Skinner's radical behaviorism and behavior analysis. Rev Gen Psychol. 2016;20(2):155-170. doi:10.1037/gpr0000067 By Kendra Cherry Kendra Cherry, MS, is the author of the "Everything Psychology Book (2nd Edition)" and has written thousands of articles on diverse psychology topics. Kendra holds a Master of Science degree in education from Boise State University with a primary research interest in educational psychology and a Bachelor of Science in psychology from Idaho State University with additional coursework in substance use and case management. See Our Editorial Process Meet Our Review Board Share Feedback Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! What is your feedback? Other Helpful Report an Error Submit